Study of spontaneous combustion of the main industrial types of sulphide ores of sulphide- polymetallic deposits of Azerbaijan
Keywords:
sulphide ore, sulphide-polymetallic deposit, oxygen absorption, oxygen absorption rate constant, oxidation, pontaneous combustion, tendency of ore to self-ignite
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the causes and conditions of spontaneous com- bustion of sulphide ores, which may result in endogenous fires that complicate mining operations in mines, causing enormous material damage to the national economy, and often also leading to human casualties. There are several sulphide-polymetallic deposits in Azerbaijan, the reserves of which were approved back in the days of the USSR. Of these, the Filizchay deposit is the most unique in terms of its reserves and ore composition. The development of other deposits adjacent to the Filizchay deposit, separately, is inexpedient because of their small reserves. However, the development of sulphide-polymetallic deposits in Azerbaijan is complicated by the revealed tendency of industrial types of ores to oxidation and spontaneous combustion. In this regard, there was a need for a special study of the chemical activity of sulphide ores and the phenomena accompanying oxidative processes, taking into account the natural features of the deposits in order to obtain the initial parameters necessary for scientifically based technological solutions for their development. Sulphide ores of sulphide -polymetallic deposits of Azerbaijan significantly differ in material composition, conditions of occurrence and mining technical features of their development from the listed deposits, the issues of spontaneous combustion of which have been studied for a long time. Until now, there are no general criteria for assessing the fire hazard of sulphide ores, suitable for any deposit, since the conditions for the occurrence of underground fires at different deposits are different. It is this circumstance that makes it necessary to conduct special studies for each deposit separately. Therefore, the need for a special study of this problem on the example of the conditions of sulphide-polymetallic deposits in Azerbaijan, which are prone to oxidation and spontaneous combustion, is of great importance. Identification of causes and factors affecting spontaneous combustion of sulphide ores, classification of sulphide-polymetallic deposits of Azerbaijan according to the degree of their tendency to spontaneous combustion by analyzing the collected materials, as well as by the results of studies to determine the oxidative activity of sulphide ores. The article presents the results of experimental studies to determine the oxidative activity and spontaneous combustion of sulphide ores of the Katsdag, Filizchay and Katekh deposits, carried out in laboratory conditions by the method of Institute of Mining named after. A.A. Skochinsky, the basis of which is the determination of the oxygen absorption rate constant. It is known that the susceptibility of ore to spontaneous combustion is determined by its oxidizability at low temperatures and depends on a large number of factors. In this regard, the dependence of the total amount of oxygen absorbed by sulphide ores on time has been studied, it has been established that the rate of oxygen absorption by sulphide ores is long-live and slowly fading, but incessant. On the basis of extensive experimental material, a classification of sulphide ores of Azerbaijan according to the degree of tendency to spontaneous combustion according to low-tempera-ture oxidation is proposed, since it is this that forms the basis of the spontaneous combustion process. The classification is also based on differences in textural and structural features and mineralogical composition of ores. Of great interest is also the influence of the size of the free reacting surface of the ore on the oxidation process. Analysis of ore samples shows that for their spontaneous combustion, the most dangerous are its coarse fractions than the dust. The results of the conducted studies allow a scientifically sound approach to planning the sequence of development and designing mines.References
1. Chao, Wu, Zijun, Li. (2005). A simple method for predict- ing the spontaneous combustion potential of sulphide ores at ambient temperature. Mining Technology. 114(2), 125-128.
2. Ermolayev, A.İ., Teterev, N.A. (2015). Analiz issledo- vaniy v oblasti vzryvov pyli i ikh predyprezhdeniya na podzemnykh rudnikakh. [Analysis of research in the field of dust explosions and their prevention in under- ground mines]. Izvestiya vuzov. Mining magazine. 8, 75-80. (In Russian).
3. Fu-qiang. Ya., Chao. Wu., Zi-jun. Li. (2014). Spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores. Springer. J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 21, 715-719.
4. Iliyas, A., Hawboldt, K., Khan F. (2011). Kinetics and safety analysis of sulfide mineral selfheating. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 106, 53–61. DOI: 10.1007/s10973-011-1621-7
5. Ismayilov, R.T. (1975). Okislitel’naya aktivnost’ sul’fidnyh rud [Oxidizing activity of sulfide ores]. Sat. «Safety, labor protection and mine rescue business», 10, 37-43. (in Russian).
6. Ismayilov, R.T. (1975). Issledovanie pozharoopasnosti kolchedanno-polimetallicheskih mestorozhdenij Belokanskogo rudnogo polya Azerbajdzhana [Investigation of the fire hazard of pyrite-polymetallic deposits of the Belokan ore field in Azerbaijan]. Avtoref. dis ... cand. tech. sciences. IFZ AN SSSR, Moscow, 47 p. (In Russian).
7. Hui Li., Chao Wu. (2010). [A new approach to detect fire source underground mine for preventing spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores]. Procedia Engeneering. 7, 318-326.
8. Gorinov, S.A., Maslov, I.Yu. (2017). Vozgoraniye pylevozdushnykh smesey pod deystviyem udarnykh vozdushnykh voln pri podzemnoy dobyche kolchedannykh rud. [Ignition of dustair mixtures under the action of air shock waves in underground mining of massive sulfide ores]. Mining information and ana- lytical bulletin. Special edition 33, 13-22. (In Russian). DOI: 10.25018/0236-1493-2017-12-33-13-22
9. Gorinov, S.A., Maslov, I.Yu. (2017). Fiziko-matematich- eskaya model’razogreva sul’fidosoderzhashchego vk- lyucheniya v ammiachno-selitrennoye VV. [Physical and mathematical model of heating of sulfide-bearing inclusions in ammonium nitrate explosives]. Mining information and analytical bulletin.Special edition 12, 3-12. (In Russian).
10. Kaplunov, D.R., Radchenko D.N. (2017). Printsipy proyektirovaniya i vybora tekhnologiy osvoyeniya nedr, dostizheniye ikh ustoychivogo razvitiya podzemnykh rudnikov. [Design philosophy and choice of technologies for sustainable development of underground mines]. Mining magazine.11, 52-59. (In Russian). DOI: 10.17580/gzh.2017.11.10
11. Liu, H., Wu Ch., Shi Yi. (2011). Locating method of fire source for spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores. Springer. J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 18, 1034-1040.
12. Manakov, V.Ya., Blum, M.F., Khramenkova, D.P., Afanasyeva, A.I. (1964). Issledovanie sul’fidnyh rud zhil’nyh mestorozhdenij Noril’skogo kombinata na samovozgo- ranie [Investigation of sulfide ores of vein deposits of the Norilsk Combine for spontaneous combustion]. Report on the topic, 837/64. Unipromed. Sverdlovsk. (In Russian).
13. Murphy, R, Strongin, D.R. (2009). [Surface reactivity of pyrite and related sulfides]. Surface Science Reports, 64, 1-45.
14. ikhlak, A.A. (1974). Issledovanie processov okisleniya sul’fidnyh medno-nikelevyh rud Talnahskogo rudnogo uzla [Study of oxidation processes of sulfide copper-nickel ores of the Talnakh ore cluster]. Dissertation for the degree of Cand. tech. sciences. IGD them. A.A. Skochinsky, M., 185 p. (In Russian).
15. Rylnikova, M.V., Ainbinder, G.I., Esina, E.N. (2020). Trebovaniya i faktory bezopasnoj otrabotki mestorozhdenij kolchedannyh rud [Requirements and factors for safe mining of pyrite ore deposits]. Mining. Mining Industry. 2, 82-87. (In Russian).
16. Rylnikova, M.V., Mitishova, N.A. (2019). Metodika issledovanij vzryvoopasnosti ubogosul’fidnyh rud pri podzemnoj otrabotke kolchedannyh mestorozhdenij. [Methodology for studying the explosiveness of low-grade sulfide ores during underground mining of pyrite deposits]. Mining information and analytical bulletin. 41–51. (In Russian). DOI: 10.25018/02361493- 201909-0-41-51
17. Rapp, J.S. (1975). Homestake mine fire. «Calif / Geol». 28, 10. 230-234.
18. Stepanov, B.A., Manakov, V.Ya., Gavrilov, E.V. (1974). Opredelenie sklonnosti rud i vmeshchayushchih porod CHeremuhovskogo mestorozhdeniya SUBRa k okisleniyu i samovozgoraniyu [Determination of the tendency of ores and host rocks of the Cheremukhovskoye SUBR deposit to oxidation and spontaneous combustion]. Proceedings of the Unipromed Institute, XV, Sverdlovsk. (In Russian).
19. Somot, S, Finch, J.A. (2010). Possible role of hydrogen sulphide gas in self-heating of pyrrhotite-rich materials. Google Scholar. Minerals Engineering. 23, 104-110.
20. Skochinsky, A.A., Ogievsky V.M. (2011). Rudnichnye pozhary [Mine fires. Moscow. Mining, Cimmerian Center]. 375 p. (In Russian).
21. Veselovsky, V.S., Vinogradova, L.P. Orleanskaya, G.P., Terpogosova, E.A. (1972). Samovozgoranie uglej i rud [Spontaneous combustion of coals and ores]. M.: Sci- ence, 148 p. (In Russian).
22. Valiev, N.G., Ismayilov, R.T. (2008). Issledovanie vydele- niya uglekislogo gaza v gornyh vyrabotkah kolchedanno-polimetallicheskih mestorozhdenij Azerbajdzhana [Study of carbon dioxide emission in mine workings of pyrite-polymetallic deposits of Azerbaijan]. News of higher educational institutions. Mining Journal. 8, 41-47. (In Russian).
23. Zaitseva, I.N., Kolpakova, G.P., Manakov, V.Ya. (1975). Issledovanie himicheskoj aktivnosti rud metodom nizkotemperaturnogo okisleniya [Study of the chemical activity of ores by the method of low-temperature oxidation]. News of higher educational institutions. – Mining magazine, 4, 71-76. (In Russian).
24. Zhang, Q., Ma, Q., Zhang, В. (2014). Approach determining maximum rate of pressure rise for dust explosion. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. 29 (1), 8-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2013.12.002
25. Zhi, Yu., Nima, Kh., Faisal, Kh. (2015). Paul Amyotte Dust explosions. A threat to the process-industries. Pro- cess Safety and Environmental Protection. 98, 57-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2015.06.008
26. Zhislina, I.L. (1964). Issledovanie teplovydelenij ot nizko-temperaturnogo okisleniya uglya Issledovanie teplovydelenij ot nizkotemperaturnogo okisleniya uglya In- vestigation of heat release from low-temperature coal oxidation. – Coal of Ukraine. 10, 44-49. (In Russian).
27. Zholmagambetov, N.R., Medeubaev, N.A., Narodkhan, D. Syzdybaeva, D.S. Rakhimberlina, S.A. (2017). [Analysis of the causes of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores]. XVIII international scientific and practical conference «Actual problems of ecology and water use» November 22-24, Federal state educational INSTI- TUTION «Russian University of peoples’ friendship «(RUDN) Moscow.
28. PWang, H., Xu, C., Wu, A., Ai, C. (2013). Inhibition of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores by thermopile sulfide oxidation. Minerals Engineering. 49, 61–67. DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2013.05.011
2. Ermolayev, A.İ., Teterev, N.A. (2015). Analiz issledo- vaniy v oblasti vzryvov pyli i ikh predyprezhdeniya na podzemnykh rudnikakh. [Analysis of research in the field of dust explosions and their prevention in under- ground mines]. Izvestiya vuzov. Mining magazine. 8, 75-80. (In Russian).
3. Fu-qiang. Ya., Chao. Wu., Zi-jun. Li. (2014). Spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores. Springer. J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 21, 715-719.
4. Iliyas, A., Hawboldt, K., Khan F. (2011). Kinetics and safety analysis of sulfide mineral selfheating. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 106, 53–61. DOI: 10.1007/s10973-011-1621-7
5. Ismayilov, R.T. (1975). Okislitel’naya aktivnost’ sul’fidnyh rud [Oxidizing activity of sulfide ores]. Sat. «Safety, labor protection and mine rescue business», 10, 37-43. (in Russian).
6. Ismayilov, R.T. (1975). Issledovanie pozharoopasnosti kolchedanno-polimetallicheskih mestorozhdenij Belokanskogo rudnogo polya Azerbajdzhana [Investigation of the fire hazard of pyrite-polymetallic deposits of the Belokan ore field in Azerbaijan]. Avtoref. dis ... cand. tech. sciences. IFZ AN SSSR, Moscow, 47 p. (In Russian).
7. Hui Li., Chao Wu. (2010). [A new approach to detect fire source underground mine for preventing spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores]. Procedia Engeneering. 7, 318-326.
8. Gorinov, S.A., Maslov, I.Yu. (2017). Vozgoraniye pylevozdushnykh smesey pod deystviyem udarnykh vozdushnykh voln pri podzemnoy dobyche kolchedannykh rud. [Ignition of dustair mixtures under the action of air shock waves in underground mining of massive sulfide ores]. Mining information and ana- lytical bulletin. Special edition 33, 13-22. (In Russian). DOI: 10.25018/0236-1493-2017-12-33-13-22
9. Gorinov, S.A., Maslov, I.Yu. (2017). Fiziko-matematich- eskaya model’razogreva sul’fidosoderzhashchego vk- lyucheniya v ammiachno-selitrennoye VV. [Physical and mathematical model of heating of sulfide-bearing inclusions in ammonium nitrate explosives]. Mining information and analytical bulletin.Special edition 12, 3-12. (In Russian).
10. Kaplunov, D.R., Radchenko D.N. (2017). Printsipy proyektirovaniya i vybora tekhnologiy osvoyeniya nedr, dostizheniye ikh ustoychivogo razvitiya podzemnykh rudnikov. [Design philosophy and choice of technologies for sustainable development of underground mines]. Mining magazine.11, 52-59. (In Russian). DOI: 10.17580/gzh.2017.11.10
11. Liu, H., Wu Ch., Shi Yi. (2011). Locating method of fire source for spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores. Springer. J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 18, 1034-1040.
12. Manakov, V.Ya., Blum, M.F., Khramenkova, D.P., Afanasyeva, A.I. (1964). Issledovanie sul’fidnyh rud zhil’nyh mestorozhdenij Noril’skogo kombinata na samovozgo- ranie [Investigation of sulfide ores of vein deposits of the Norilsk Combine for spontaneous combustion]. Report on the topic, 837/64. Unipromed. Sverdlovsk. (In Russian).
13. Murphy, R, Strongin, D.R. (2009). [Surface reactivity of pyrite and related sulfides]. Surface Science Reports, 64, 1-45.
14. ikhlak, A.A. (1974). Issledovanie processov okisleniya sul’fidnyh medno-nikelevyh rud Talnahskogo rudnogo uzla [Study of oxidation processes of sulfide copper-nickel ores of the Talnakh ore cluster]. Dissertation for the degree of Cand. tech. sciences. IGD them. A.A. Skochinsky, M., 185 p. (In Russian).
15. Rylnikova, M.V., Ainbinder, G.I., Esina, E.N. (2020). Trebovaniya i faktory bezopasnoj otrabotki mestorozhdenij kolchedannyh rud [Requirements and factors for safe mining of pyrite ore deposits]. Mining. Mining Industry. 2, 82-87. (In Russian).
16. Rylnikova, M.V., Mitishova, N.A. (2019). Metodika issledovanij vzryvoopasnosti ubogosul’fidnyh rud pri podzemnoj otrabotke kolchedannyh mestorozhdenij. [Methodology for studying the explosiveness of low-grade sulfide ores during underground mining of pyrite deposits]. Mining information and analytical bulletin. 41–51. (In Russian). DOI: 10.25018/02361493- 201909-0-41-51
17. Rapp, J.S. (1975). Homestake mine fire. «Calif / Geol». 28, 10. 230-234.
18. Stepanov, B.A., Manakov, V.Ya., Gavrilov, E.V. (1974). Opredelenie sklonnosti rud i vmeshchayushchih porod CHeremuhovskogo mestorozhdeniya SUBRa k okisleniyu i samovozgoraniyu [Determination of the tendency of ores and host rocks of the Cheremukhovskoye SUBR deposit to oxidation and spontaneous combustion]. Proceedings of the Unipromed Institute, XV, Sverdlovsk. (In Russian).
19. Somot, S, Finch, J.A. (2010). Possible role of hydrogen sulphide gas in self-heating of pyrrhotite-rich materials. Google Scholar. Minerals Engineering. 23, 104-110.
20. Skochinsky, A.A., Ogievsky V.M. (2011). Rudnichnye pozhary [Mine fires. Moscow. Mining, Cimmerian Center]. 375 p. (In Russian).
21. Veselovsky, V.S., Vinogradova, L.P. Orleanskaya, G.P., Terpogosova, E.A. (1972). Samovozgoranie uglej i rud [Spontaneous combustion of coals and ores]. M.: Sci- ence, 148 p. (In Russian).
22. Valiev, N.G., Ismayilov, R.T. (2008). Issledovanie vydele- niya uglekislogo gaza v gornyh vyrabotkah kolchedanno-polimetallicheskih mestorozhdenij Azerbajdzhana [Study of carbon dioxide emission in mine workings of pyrite-polymetallic deposits of Azerbaijan]. News of higher educational institutions. Mining Journal. 8, 41-47. (In Russian).
23. Zaitseva, I.N., Kolpakova, G.P., Manakov, V.Ya. (1975). Issledovanie himicheskoj aktivnosti rud metodom nizkotemperaturnogo okisleniya [Study of the chemical activity of ores by the method of low-temperature oxidation]. News of higher educational institutions. – Mining magazine, 4, 71-76. (In Russian).
24. Zhang, Q., Ma, Q., Zhang, В. (2014). Approach determining maximum rate of pressure rise for dust explosion. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. 29 (1), 8-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2013.12.002
25. Zhi, Yu., Nima, Kh., Faisal, Kh. (2015). Paul Amyotte Dust explosions. A threat to the process-industries. Pro- cess Safety and Environmental Protection. 98, 57-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2015.06.008
26. Zhislina, I.L. (1964). Issledovanie teplovydelenij ot nizko-temperaturnogo okisleniya uglya Issledovanie teplovydelenij ot nizkotemperaturnogo okisleniya uglya In- vestigation of heat release from low-temperature coal oxidation. – Coal of Ukraine. 10, 44-49. (In Russian).
27. Zholmagambetov, N.R., Medeubaev, N.A., Narodkhan, D. Syzdybaeva, D.S. Rakhimberlina, S.A. (2017). [Analysis of the causes of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores]. XVIII international scientific and practical conference «Actual problems of ecology and water use» November 22-24, Federal state educational INSTI- TUTION «Russian University of peoples’ friendship «(RUDN) Moscow.
28. PWang, H., Xu, C., Wu, A., Ai, C. (2013). Inhibition of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores by thermopile sulfide oxidation. Minerals Engineering. 49, 61–67. DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2013.05.011
Published
2023-04-09
How to Cite
Ismayilov, R., KаrimovV., & Zeynalova, S. (2023). Study of spontaneous combustion of the main industrial types of sulphide ores of sulphide- polymetallic deposits of Azerbaijan. Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology, 32(1), 59-66. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15421/112307
Section
Статьи
