Low-temperature oxidation of sulphide ores of sulphide-polymetallic deposits of Azerbaijan
Keywords:
sulphide ore, sulphide-polymetallic deposit, oxygen absorption, oxygen absorption rate constant, oxidation, chemical activity
Abstract
The article presents the results of experimental studies to determine the oxidative ac- tivity for the main industrial types of sulphide ores of sulphide-polymetallic deposits in Azerbai- jan. To calculate the amount of heat generated during oxidation, the dependences of the oxygen absorption rate on the temperature and moisture of the ore were established. It was found that with an increase in temperature above 50-80oC, absorption of oxygen slows down with time faster than at low (2.5-50oC) temperatures. If with an increase in temperature from 2.5 to 45-50oC the amount of absorbed oxygen increases by 7.5-12 times, then at a temperature from 45-50oC to 80oC it increases only by 3.6-3.7 times, which is explained by a decrease in moisture of the ore with an increase in temperature, due to evaporation. The time dependence of absorption rate of the oxygen for sulphide ores of sulphide-polymetallic deposits of Azerbaijan has a clearly pronounced break, which indicates a change in the oxidation mechanism. The oxidizing activity of sulphide ores of sulphide-polymetallic deposits of the Balakan ore field of Azerbaijan at low temperatures (2.5-800C) was studied. Determination of the oxidative activity of the main industrial types of sulphide ores of sulphide-polymetallic deposits in Azerbaijan makes it possible to classify ore reserves according to the degree of tendency to spontaneous combustion, which will allow a scientifically sound approach to planning the sequence of their development and designing mines. In addition, the article presents the results of experimental studies to determine the oxidizing activity of the sulfide ores of the Katsdag, Filizchay and Katekh deposits, carried out in laboratory conditions by the method of Institute of Mining named after A.A. Skochinsky. An indicator of oxidative activity is the oxygen absorption rate constant and labeled by the letter U (ml/g hour). The results of laboratory studies show that the oxidation of the ore leads to an increase in temperature and ignition and depends on a large number of factors such as mineralogical composition, chemical activity, humidity, temperature, fragmentation, etc. The dependence of the total amount of oxygen absorbed by sulphide ores on time at various temperatures is obtained. It has been estab- lished that with increasing temperature, the rate of oxygen absorption by sulphide ores increases. The values of the temperature coefficient (Kt < 2.0) in the temperature range of 2.5-800C show that the rate of the oxidation of sulfide ore is controlled by oxygen diffusion, and not by the rate of the chemical reaction. With equal fragmentation and equal distribution of chemical elements in ore samples, the oxidation rate is directly proportional to the outer surface of the sulphide ore.References
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19. Somot, S, Finch, J A. (2010). Possible role of hydrogen sulphide gas in self-heating of pyrrhotite-rich materials. Google Scholar. Minerals Engineering. 23, 104–110.
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21. Teterev, N.A., Ermolaev, A.I., Kuznetsov, A.M. (2018). Vzryvy sul’fidnoj pyli. [Sulfide dust explosions]. GIAB. 12, 63. 20 p. (In Russian).
22. Fu-qiang, Y., Chao, W., Zi-jun Li. (2014). Spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores. Springer. J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 21, 715-719.
23. Valiev, N.G., Ismayilov, R.T. (2008). Issledovanie vydele- niya uglekislogo gaza v gornyh vyrabotkah kolchedanno-polimetallicheskih mestorozhdenij Azerbajdzhana. [Study of carbon dioxide release in mine workings of pyrite-polymetallic deposits in Azerbaijan]. News of higher educational institutions. Mining magazine. 8, 41-47. (In Russian).
24. Wang, H., Xu, C., Wu, A., Ai, C. (2013). Inhibition of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores by thermopile sulfide oxidation. Minerals Engineering. 61–67. DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2013.05.011
2. Boon, M. (2001). The mechanism of’direct’ and ‘indirect’ bacterial oxidation of sulphide minerals. Hydrometallurgy. 62(1):67–70. DOI: 10.1016/S0304- 386X(01)00182-7
3. Veselovsky, V.S., Vinogradova, L.P., Orleanskaya, G.P., Terpogosova, E.A. (1972). Fizicheskie osnovy sam- ovozgoraniya uglya i rud. [Physical foundations of spontaneous combustion of coal and ores]. Moscow, Nedra, 148 p. (In Russian).
4. Zaitseva, I.N., Kolpakova, G.P., Manakov, V.Ya. (1975). Issledovanie himicheskoj aktivnosti rud metodom niz- kotemperaturnogo okisleniya. [Study of the chemical activity of ores by the method of low-temperature oxidation]. News of higher educational institutions. Mining magazine. 4, 71-76. (In Russian).
5. Iliyas, A., Hawboldt, K., Khan, F. (2011). Kinetics and safety analysis of sulfide mineral selfheating. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 53–61. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-011-1621-7
6. Ismailov, R.T. (1975). Okislitel’naya aktivnost’ sul’fidnyh rud. [Oxidative activity of sulfide ores]. Sat. «Safety, labor protection and mine rescue». 10, 37-43. (In Russian).
7. Kondratiev, V.B., Popov, V.V., Kedrova, V.G. (2019). Global’nyj rynok medi. [Global Copper Market]. Mining Industry. 3, 80–87. (In Russian). DOI:10.30686/1609- 9192-2019-3-145-80-87
8. Liu, H, Wu, C, Shi, Y. (2011). Locating method of fire source for spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores. Springer. J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 18, 1034-1040.
9. Hong , R. (2020). Visualization and analysis of mapping knowledge domain of oxidation studies of sulfide ores. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 27, 5809–5824. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019- 07226-z.
10. Pihlak, A.A. (1974). Issledovaniya processov okisleniya sul’fidnyh medno-nikelevyh rud Talnahskogo rudnogo uzla. [Studies of the processes of oxidation of sulfide copper-nickel ores of the Talnakh ore cluster]. Diss. for an apprenticeship Art. candidate of technical sciences. IGD them. A.A. Skochinsky, Moscow, 169 p. (In Russian).
11. Rao, Y.Z. (2020). Explosion Pressure and Minimum Explosible Concentration Properties of Metal Sulfide Ore Dust Clouds. Journal of Chemistry. https://doi. org/10.1155/2020/7980403
12. Yuan, Z., Khakzad, N., Khan, F., Amyotte, P. (2015). Dust explosions. A threat to the process industries. Process Safety and Environmental Protection. 57–71.
13. Rylnikova, M.V., Ainbinder, G.I., Esina, E.N. (2020). Trebovaniya i faktory bezopasnoj otrabotki mestorozhdenij kolchedannyh rud. [Requirements and factors for the safe mining of pyrite ore deposits]. Mining indus- try. 2, 82–87. (In Russian). DOI: 10.30686/1609-9192- 2020-2-82-87
14. Rylnikova, M.V., Ainbinder, G.I., Mitishova, N.A., Gadzhieva, L.A. (2020). Issledovanie zakonomernostej vozgoraniya sul’fidnyh rud i porod pri kombinirovannoj razrabotke mestorozhdenij. [Study of the regularities of ignition of sulfide ores and rocks during combined mining]. News of the Tula State University. Earth Sciences. 2, 139–155. (In Russian).
15. Rylnikova, M.V., Mitishova, N.A. (2019). Metodika issledovanij vzryvoopasnosti ubogosul’fidnyh rud pri podzemnoj otrabotke kolchedannyh mestorozhdenij. [Methodology for studying the explosiveness of low- grade sulfide ores during underground mining of pyrite deposits]. Mining information and analytical bulle- tin. 41–51. (In Russian). DOI: 10.25018/02361493- 201909-0-41-51
16. Rylnikova, M.V., Radchenko, D.N., Ainbinder, G.I., Es- ina, E.N. (2020). Ocenka vzaimosvyazi samovozgoraniya porod s deformacionnymi processami pri kombinirovannoj razrabotke mestorozhdenij kolchedannyh rud. [Evaluation of the relationship between spontaneous combustion of rocks and deformation processes in the combined development of pyrite ore deposits]. News of the Tula State University. Earth Sciences. 2, 126–138. (In Russian).
17. Skochinsky, A.A., Ogievsky, V.M. (2011). Rudnichnye pozhary. [Mine fires]. Moscow. Mining, Cimmerian Center. 375 p. (In Russian).
18. Chao, Wu, Zijun, Li. (2005). A simple method for predicting the spontaneous combustion potential of sulphide ores at ambient temperature. Mining Technology. V. 114, 2, 125-128.
19. Somot, S, Finch, J A. (2010). Possible role of hydrogen sulphide gas in self-heating of pyrrhotite-rich materials. Google Scholar. Minerals Engineering. 23, 104–110.
20. Skjold, T., Eckhoff, R. (2016). Dust explosions in the process industries: research in the twenty-first century. Chemical Engineering Transactions. 337–342. DOI: 10.3303/CET1648057
21. Teterev, N.A., Ermolaev, A.I., Kuznetsov, A.M. (2018). Vzryvy sul’fidnoj pyli. [Sulfide dust explosions]. GIAB. 12, 63. 20 p. (In Russian).
22. Fu-qiang, Y., Chao, W., Zi-jun Li. (2014). Spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores. Springer. J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 21, 715-719.
23. Valiev, N.G., Ismayilov, R.T. (2008). Issledovanie vydele- niya uglekislogo gaza v gornyh vyrabotkah kolchedanno-polimetallicheskih mestorozhdenij Azerbajdzhana. [Study of carbon dioxide release in mine workings of pyrite-polymetallic deposits in Azerbaijan]. News of higher educational institutions. Mining magazine. 8, 41-47. (In Russian).
24. Wang, H., Xu, C., Wu, A., Ai, C. (2013). Inhibition of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores by thermopile sulfide oxidation. Minerals Engineering. 61–67. DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2013.05.011
Published
2023-04-09
How to Cite
Ismayilov, R., KаrimovV., & Ganbarova, S. (2023). Low-temperature oxidation of sulphide ores of sulphide-polymetallic deposits of Azerbaijan. Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology, 32(1), 52-58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15421/112306
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Статьи
