Geoecological contradictions in the functioning of urban ecosystems in conditions of increased anthropogenic impact and abnormal weather-climate changes


Keywords: urban ecosystem, land structure, climate change, rainfall runoff, temperature anomalies

Abstract

The risks of abnormal temperatures and rainfall on urban ecosystems have been assessed. According to urban ecosystems study results, the scale of anthropogenic changes in the functioning of green zones, urban and suburban regional landscape parks is demonstrated. It has been established that negative changes in components’ state of landscape systems contribute to the effective manifestation of a number of adverse processes and phenomena (reduction of groundwater levels, intensification of droughts, soil erosion and deflation, their dehumidification, depletion of landscape and biotic diversity, etc.). The SWOT-analysis method demonstrated the positive role of green zones in the functioning of urban ecosystems and its negative effects on the complex green zones. At the basic stage of the study on the example of the Ternopil urban system the dynamics of the temperatures and precipitation during 60-year period has been demonstrated, the differences in the temperature indicators of the surfaces of different districts of the city have been clarified. It is established that industrial, residential neighborhoods, shopping centers, transport infrastructure experience the greatest temperature fluctuations. The morphology of the earth’s surface, the presence of depressions, significant angles of earth’s surface inclination, the ratio of green zones with built-up and covered with asphalt, pavement, concrete and road network systems and storm sewers, etc. is an important factor in the intensification of slope water runoff in urban systems. The vulnerability of Ternopil urban system to climate change has been analyzed. Temperature calculations of various city surfaces have been done. The features of moisture circulation on artificial and natural surfaces of urban system have been shown schematically. The flooding regular risk places of the lowered parts of the city territory have been revealed. The runoff coefficients and the combined runoff coefficient for different surfaces of the city have been calculated. Based on these data, the surface runoff volumes in case of heavy rain have been calculated. It has been proven that in the event of torrential rains, the existing rainwater drainage system will not cope with the volume of runoff, causing flooding and inundation of urban zones. A set of measures aimed at preventing flooding of buildings, communications and streets, increasing the rate of safe removal of surface runoff from places of its concentration in the urban system has been proposed.

Author Biographies

Ljubomyr P. Tsaryk
Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
Ivan P. Kovalchuk
National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Petro L. Tsaryk
Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
Ihor R. Kuzyk
Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
Volodymyr L. Tsaryk
Ternopil Regional Center of Hydrometeorology, Ternopil, Ukraine

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Published
2022-08-05
How to Cite
Tsaryk, L., Kovalchuk, I., Tsaryk, P., Kuzyk, I., & Tsaryk, V. (2022). Geoecological contradictions in the functioning of urban ecosystems in conditions of increased anthropogenic impact and abnormal weather-climate changes. Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology, 31(2), 398-407. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15421/112237