Patterns of distribution and peculiarities of formation of gold ore mineralization in metamorphic and black shale strata of Azerbaijan
Keywords:
Lok-Karabakh, Greater Caucasus, Paleozoic, metamorphic shales, black shale strata, gold occurrences, noble metals, mineralization zone
Abstract
The article discusses the patterns of distribution and the peculiarities of the formation of gold mineralization in the metamorphic and black shale strata of Azerbaijan in order to determine metallogenic specialization. Mineragenic analysis of gold-bearing territories was carried out using numerous data of quantitative studies of the substance of the studied objects: ore-bearing sedimentary and metamorphic strata, ore bodies and processes ore genesis. The spatio-temporal relationships of gold-bearing mineralization of various material-morphological types, conditioned by lithological-geochemical conditions and time of manifestation of lithogenetic processes and metamorphism, have been determined. In the petrographic description of the studied rocks, two groups were distinguished: Early Paleozoic crystalline shales and Upper Paleozoic sedimentary rocks. It has been determined that the shales were initially enriched with gold during sedimentogenesis. In subsequent processes of metamorphism, part of the gold was removed from the shale and redeposited, and thus spread unevenly. Favourable zones of ore deposition could lead to the concentration of gold in shales in industrial conditions. In the studied crystalline shales, attention is drawn to the contents of Pt and Pd, the commonest elements of the platinum group. The Pt content in shales is 0.08 g / T on average, while the clarke for clayey shales is 0.03 g / t, i. e. almost three times higher than the clarke. Even more contrasting is the content of the platinum group element, palladium. In shales, the Pd content is 0.046 g / t. These data, together with the high gold content in the shales, can be considered as a typomorphic geochemical feature of the crystalline shales of the Asrikçay massif of the pre-Jurassic basement of the Lesser Caucasus. The studies have shown that during the formation of gold mineralization in metamorphic and black shale strata, an important role was played by the features of the host carbonaceous sedimentary complexes, which served as additional sources of noble and associated metals. Some of the ore elements in unaltered sediments have their own mineral forms.References
1. Abdullaev, R.N., Mustafaev, G.V., Mustafaev, M.A., Aliev, I.A., 1988. Mezozojskie magmaticheskie formacii Malogo Kavkaza i svyazannoe s nimi endogenn. Orudenenie. [Mesozoic igneous formations of the Lesser Caucasus and associated endogenous]. Mineralization. Baku. – Ed. Elm. – 254 p. (In Russian).
2. Betekhtin, A.G., 1956. Kurs mineralogii. [Course in mineralogy]. State Scientific and Technical Publishing House of Literature on Geology and Subsoil Protection. Moscow, 346 p. (In Russian).
3. Buryak, V.A., Mikhailov, B.K., Tsymbalyuk, N.V., 2002. Genezis, zakonomernosti razmeshcheniya i perspektivy zoloto- i platinonosnosti chernoslancevyh tolshch. [Genesis, distribution patterns and prospects of gold and platinum-bearing black shale strata]. Ores and metals. 6, 25–36. (In Russian).
4. Gamkrelidze, I.P., Shchengelia, D.M., 2005. Dokembrijsko- paleozojskij regional’nyj metamorfizm, granitoidnyj magmatizm i geodinamika Kavkaza. [Genesis, distribution patterns and prospects of gold and platinum- bearing black shale strata Precambrian – Paleozoic regional metamorphism, granitoid magmatism and geodynamics of the Caucasus]. Scientific World. Moscow. – 245 p. (In Russian).
5. Hasanov, G.M., 1981. Stratigraficheskij ocherk srednego i verhnego (?) karbona, rasprostranennogo v SV chasti Malogo Kavkaza. [Geological structure and patterns of distribution of endogenous mineralization of the western part of the Somkhito – Agdam zone of the Lesser Caucasus]. Abstract of Cand. dissertation. Baku. 24 p. (In Russian).
6. Hasanov, G.M., Mamedov, A.B., 2002. Stratigraficheskij ocherk srednego i verhnego (?) karbona, rasprostranennogo v SV chasti Malogo Kavkaza. [Stratigraphic outline of the Middle and Upper (?) Carboniferous, widespread in the NE part of the Lesser Caucasus]. In the book: Geology of Azerbaijan, V. 1. – Precambrian and Paleozoic. – Nafta-Press. – Baku. (In Russian).
7. Geologiya Azerbajdzhana. [Geology of Azerbaijan]. 2003.Vol. III, Magmatism. Baku: Nafta-Press, 524 p. (In Russian).
8. Imamverdiyev, N., Gasanguliyeva, M., Kerimov, V., Kerimli, U., 2020. Petrogeochemical features of the neogene collision volcanism of the Lesser Caucasus (Azerbaijan). Journ. Geol. Geogr. Geoecol. Dnipro. – v. 29 (2), 289– 303.
9. Kurbanov, N.K., 1994. Geologo-geneticheskie modeli zolotorudnyh mestorozhdenij v uglerodisto-terrigennyh kompleksah. [Geological and genetic models of gold deposits in carbonaceous-terrigenous complexes]. Ores and metals. 2, 55–69. (In Russian).
10. Mineral’no-syr’evye resursy Azerbajdzhana (usloviya formirovaniya, zakonomernosti razmeshcheniya, nauchnye osnovy prognozirovaniya). [Mineral resources of Azerbaijan (conditions of formation, patterns of distribution, scientific basis for forecasting)], ed. Baba- zade V.M. – Baku. Ozan. 808 p. (In Russian).
11. Mustafaev, G.V., Mamedov, M.N., Sadigov, N.M., Samedova, R.A., Kerimov, V.M., 2011. O zolotonosnosti paleozojskij otlozhenij fundamenta Lok-Karabahskoj tektono-magmaticheskoj zony Malogo Kavkaza. [On the gold content of the Paleozoic sediments of the basement of the Lok-Karabakh tectonic-magmatic zone of the Lesser Caucasus]. Proceedings of ANAS, The Sciences of Earth. 3, 20–30. (In Russian).
12. Naumov, V.B., Giris, A.V., Dorofeeva, V.A., Kovalenker, V.A., 2016. Koncentraciya rudnyh elementov v magmaticheskih rasplavah i prirodnyh flyuidah po dannym izucheniya vklyuchenij v mineralah. [Concentration of ore elements in magmatic melts and natural fluids according to the study of inclusions in minerals]. Geology of ore deposits. 4, 367–384. (In Russian).
13. Parada, S.G., Ruchkina, Yu.R., Mirzekhanov, G.S., 1986. [Usloviya lokalizaci zolotogo orudeneniya v ugllerodistyh tolshchah Dal’nego Vostoka]. Conditions for localization of gold mineralization in carbonaceous strata of the Far East. Pacific Geology, 2, 46–50. (in Russian).
14. Parada, S.G., Parada, L.F., 1988. Proyavlenie vkraplennogo zolotosul’fidnogo orudeneniya v chernoslancevoj tolshche. [Manifestation of disseminated gold-sulfide mineralization in black shale strata]. Geology of ore deposits. 4, 110–115. (In Russian).
15. Petrovskaya, N.V., Safonov, Yu.G., 1976. Istochniki rudnogo veshchestva endogennyh mestorozhdenij zolota. [Sources of ore matter of endogenous gold deposits]. In the book: Sources of ore matter. M .: Science. – 151 p. (In Russian).
16. Protsenksch, V.F., 2014. Minerageniya chernoslancevyh tolshch. [Minerageny of black shale strata]. Tashkent, 264 p. (In Russian).
17. Rustamov, M.I., 2008. Geodinamika i magmatizm Kaspijsko – Kavkazskogo segmenta Sredizemnomorskogo poyasa v fanerozoe. [Geodynamics and magmatism of the Caspian – Caucasian segment of the Mediterranean belt in the Phanerozoic]. Abstract of thesis. doctoral dis. – Baku. (In Russian).
18. Rustamov, M.I., 2001. Magmatizm paleozojskogo substrata Azerbajdzhana. [Magmatism of the Paleozoic substrate of Azerbaijan]. In the book: Geology of Azerbaijan V. 3. Magmatism. Nafta-Press. – Baku. 8–22. (In Russian).
19. Chernyshev, N.M., Molotkov, S.P., Reznikova, O.G., 2003. Zoloto-platinonosnost’ glavnejshih tipov zhelezorudnyh formacij mira (informacionno-analiticheskij obzor). [Gold-platinum content of the main types of iron ore formations in the world (information and analytical review)]. Bulletin of Voronezh University. Geology, 2, (In Russian).
2. Betekhtin, A.G., 1956. Kurs mineralogii. [Course in mineralogy]. State Scientific and Technical Publishing House of Literature on Geology and Subsoil Protection. Moscow, 346 p. (In Russian).
3. Buryak, V.A., Mikhailov, B.K., Tsymbalyuk, N.V., 2002. Genezis, zakonomernosti razmeshcheniya i perspektivy zoloto- i platinonosnosti chernoslancevyh tolshch. [Genesis, distribution patterns and prospects of gold and platinum-bearing black shale strata]. Ores and metals. 6, 25–36. (In Russian).
4. Gamkrelidze, I.P., Shchengelia, D.M., 2005. Dokembrijsko- paleozojskij regional’nyj metamorfizm, granitoidnyj magmatizm i geodinamika Kavkaza. [Genesis, distribution patterns and prospects of gold and platinum- bearing black shale strata Precambrian – Paleozoic regional metamorphism, granitoid magmatism and geodynamics of the Caucasus]. Scientific World. Moscow. – 245 p. (In Russian).
5. Hasanov, G.M., 1981. Stratigraficheskij ocherk srednego i verhnego (?) karbona, rasprostranennogo v SV chasti Malogo Kavkaza. [Geological structure and patterns of distribution of endogenous mineralization of the western part of the Somkhito – Agdam zone of the Lesser Caucasus]. Abstract of Cand. dissertation. Baku. 24 p. (In Russian).
6. Hasanov, G.M., Mamedov, A.B., 2002. Stratigraficheskij ocherk srednego i verhnego (?) karbona, rasprostranennogo v SV chasti Malogo Kavkaza. [Stratigraphic outline of the Middle and Upper (?) Carboniferous, widespread in the NE part of the Lesser Caucasus]. In the book: Geology of Azerbaijan, V. 1. – Precambrian and Paleozoic. – Nafta-Press. – Baku. (In Russian).
7. Geologiya Azerbajdzhana. [Geology of Azerbaijan]. 2003.Vol. III, Magmatism. Baku: Nafta-Press, 524 p. (In Russian).
8. Imamverdiyev, N., Gasanguliyeva, M., Kerimov, V., Kerimli, U., 2020. Petrogeochemical features of the neogene collision volcanism of the Lesser Caucasus (Azerbaijan). Journ. Geol. Geogr. Geoecol. Dnipro. – v. 29 (2), 289– 303.
9. Kurbanov, N.K., 1994. Geologo-geneticheskie modeli zolotorudnyh mestorozhdenij v uglerodisto-terrigennyh kompleksah. [Geological and genetic models of gold deposits in carbonaceous-terrigenous complexes]. Ores and metals. 2, 55–69. (In Russian).
10. Mineral’no-syr’evye resursy Azerbajdzhana (usloviya formirovaniya, zakonomernosti razmeshcheniya, nauchnye osnovy prognozirovaniya). [Mineral resources of Azerbaijan (conditions of formation, patterns of distribution, scientific basis for forecasting)], ed. Baba- zade V.M. – Baku. Ozan. 808 p. (In Russian).
11. Mustafaev, G.V., Mamedov, M.N., Sadigov, N.M., Samedova, R.A., Kerimov, V.M., 2011. O zolotonosnosti paleozojskij otlozhenij fundamenta Lok-Karabahskoj tektono-magmaticheskoj zony Malogo Kavkaza. [On the gold content of the Paleozoic sediments of the basement of the Lok-Karabakh tectonic-magmatic zone of the Lesser Caucasus]. Proceedings of ANAS, The Sciences of Earth. 3, 20–30. (In Russian).
12. Naumov, V.B., Giris, A.V., Dorofeeva, V.A., Kovalenker, V.A., 2016. Koncentraciya rudnyh elementov v magmaticheskih rasplavah i prirodnyh flyuidah po dannym izucheniya vklyuchenij v mineralah. [Concentration of ore elements in magmatic melts and natural fluids according to the study of inclusions in minerals]. Geology of ore deposits. 4, 367–384. (In Russian).
13. Parada, S.G., Ruchkina, Yu.R., Mirzekhanov, G.S., 1986. [Usloviya lokalizaci zolotogo orudeneniya v ugllerodistyh tolshchah Dal’nego Vostoka]. Conditions for localization of gold mineralization in carbonaceous strata of the Far East. Pacific Geology, 2, 46–50. (in Russian).
14. Parada, S.G., Parada, L.F., 1988. Proyavlenie vkraplennogo zolotosul’fidnogo orudeneniya v chernoslancevoj tolshche. [Manifestation of disseminated gold-sulfide mineralization in black shale strata]. Geology of ore deposits. 4, 110–115. (In Russian).
15. Petrovskaya, N.V., Safonov, Yu.G., 1976. Istochniki rudnogo veshchestva endogennyh mestorozhdenij zolota. [Sources of ore matter of endogenous gold deposits]. In the book: Sources of ore matter. M .: Science. – 151 p. (In Russian).
16. Protsenksch, V.F., 2014. Minerageniya chernoslancevyh tolshch. [Minerageny of black shale strata]. Tashkent, 264 p. (In Russian).
17. Rustamov, M.I., 2008. Geodinamika i magmatizm Kaspijsko – Kavkazskogo segmenta Sredizemnomorskogo poyasa v fanerozoe. [Geodynamics and magmatism of the Caspian – Caucasian segment of the Mediterranean belt in the Phanerozoic]. Abstract of thesis. doctoral dis. – Baku. (In Russian).
18. Rustamov, M.I., 2001. Magmatizm paleozojskogo substrata Azerbajdzhana. [Magmatism of the Paleozoic substrate of Azerbaijan]. In the book: Geology of Azerbaijan V. 3. Magmatism. Nafta-Press. – Baku. 8–22. (In Russian).
19. Chernyshev, N.M., Molotkov, S.P., Reznikova, O.G., 2003. Zoloto-platinonosnost’ glavnejshih tipov zhelezorudnyh formacij mira (informacionno-analiticheskij obzor). [Gold-platinum content of the main types of iron ore formations in the world (information and analytical review)]. Bulletin of Voronezh University. Geology, 2, (In Russian).
Published
2022-04-04
How to Cite
Mamedov, M., Mansurov, M., Kerimov, V., Ganbarova, E., Mamedova, A., & Shamiev, R. (2022). Patterns of distribution and peculiarities of formation of gold ore mineralization in metamorphic and black shale strata of Azerbaijan. Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology, 31(1), 99-109. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15421/112210
Section
Статьи
