Development of tourism is in the epoch of economically-politically reforms and war in Ukraine

Abstract

Today, Ukraine is at the center of the world community, politics and the European market, in light of changes in the political, economic and military spheres. Undoubtedly, all this influenced the development of the country’s economy and policy towards the countries of the near and far abroad, including the development of the tourism industry. To characterize the current state of development of domestic and international tourism in Ukraine and served as the main purpose of writing an article. The research of the current state of tourism development in Ukraine was based on the application of a systematic approach using comparative, statistical, analytical methods, etc. The relevance of this study is determined by the clarification of the further direction of tourism development in connection with the deprivation of tourism industry as a priority in 2019, although it is one of the significant sources of filling the state treasury, as well as the impact on the tourist image of Ukraine, an aggressor country during the period of change of power and incomplete reforms. It is established that the tourist image of Ukraine is restored from 2016 due to the victorious participation of Ukrainians in international events, in particular, Eurovision-2017, but it should be noted that the main donor countries are the countries of close foreign countries. Visa tourism has been intensified with Ukraine through visa-free travel and pricing policies for tourist services. For example, when comparing prices with the tourist complex «Bukovel» or «Shayan» cheaper to rest in Poland or Hungary. One of the reasons was revealed: the population’s low awareness of the tourist potential of the country; unreliability of domestic subjects of tourism activity; the lack of security in the places of rest, as well as the war in the east of Ukraine and the annexation of the Crimean peninsula. It was found that the length of stay of Ukrainians abroad depended on the location of the country. The farther the longer, which is associated with the cost of time and money. Also, you should not neglect tourist logistics. After all, almost all flights from Ukraine abroad are sent in the morning. Arriving in the evening, a tourist-Ukrainian is forced to seek a lodging for himself. While in Ukraine, on the contrary, tourists mostly come in the morning or in the afternoon. It should also be noted that the marked decrease in trips abroad is due to the poverty of the Ukrainian population. The main purpose of travel – rest on the warm seas of the seas for the best price and high quality of service for tourists. It is statistically reported that the geography of recipient countries is predominantly close to a foreign country, mainly the CIS countries, while, for example, most of Belarus comes to the EU. The development of domestic tourism, which tends to grow, is estimated. The main factors of its development are the desire of Ukrainians to travel even with a minimal budget. However, it should be noted the predominance of self-organized tourism. The main tourist areas with the predominance of a certain type of tourism were identified, for example Lviv – cultural-cognitive, IvanoFrankivsk and Transcarpathian - active and eventful, Odessa – recreational types of tourism. The tendency of the steady development of tourism in Ukraine due to the development of transport infrastructure, information and communication environment, the election of the European development vector is revealed. In the near future it is expedient: to adjust the Law «On Tourism» in accordance with the EU directives in the tourism sector, as well as to direct the direction for the development of domestic and inbound tourism in Ukraine.