On the lower boundary of the Quaternary System in the Azov-Black Sea Basin
Keywords:
Dniester River Valley, Priazovie, Pliocene, Quaternary, stratigraphy
Abstract
The data on the lowering of the lower boundary of the Quaternary System below the Gelasian Stage at 2.588 million years are presented in the paper. In Azov-Black Sea basin this boundary takes place within the middle of the Kuyalnikian Regionalstage and related to the magnetostratigraphic boundary Gauss-Matuyama and should be drawn under the deposits of the upper Kuyalnikian regionalsubstage, Taman layers of the Akchagylian, alluvium X terrace of the Dnister, Danuba, Prut rivers, the Haprovian layers of the Priazovie and under sediments of the Siverian stage in the loess-soil series of the Ukraine.Below there lie the deposits of the Bogdanivkian stage and the lower Kuyalnikian rocks. The deposits of the Lowerkuyalnikian regionalsubstage, upper and lower Poratian beds and sediments of the Bogdanivkian, Kizlyarkian and Jarkian stage in the loess-soil series related to Piacencian stage and Upper Pliocene. Kuyalnikian deposits in the Odessa (Kryzhanivka) region are the upper part of the Upperkuyalnikian regionalsubstage, above the Tamanian beds and correlations with a Beregovian stage in the loess-soil series. Beginning of the maximum Akchagylian transgression in the Black Sea coincides with a sharp cooling Climate period (2,5-2,6 million years) and compares with the Middle Akchagylian transgression of the Caspian basin. Signs of the late Akchagylian mollusks at the basal beds of the Kuyalnikian of the Priazovie requires additional research, as at that time the formation of the lower Poratian depositstook place in a (with Rugunio lenticularis) Warm climate. The most probable version is the invasion of Akchagylian mollusks during the cocking in Ajdarian time. The author opinion on the reasoning of the lowering of the boundary and the problems of its use in geological mapping are also stated.References
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6. Vernigorova Yu.V., 2015. Stratigrafіchna shema neogenovih vіdkladіv Krims’kogo pіvostrova. [Stratigraphic scheme of the Neogene deposits of the Crimean peninsula]. Geology and Ore Content of Ukraine, 1, 81-124 (in Ukrainian).
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9. Gubkin I.M., 1950. Problema akchagyla v svete novyh dannyh. [Problems of the Akchagilian in the light of new data]. The Selected Papers, Edition by Academy of Sciences, 1, 246-269 (in Russian).
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13. Michailowsky G.P., 1902. Pliocen nekotoryh mestnostej Zapadnogo Zakavkaz’ja. [The Pliocene of some territories of the Eastern Trans-caucasia]. Memoires of mineralogical Society. 40, 129-177 (in Russian).
14. Michailowsky G.P., 1905. O rezul’tatah poezdki letom 1903 g. v Suhumskij okrug. [About results of a journey came in summer 1902 in Suchumi region]. Memoires of Mineralogical Society. 42, 40-43 (in Russian).
15. Michailowsky G.P., 1909. Limany del’ty Dunaja v Izmail’skom uezde Bessarabskoj gubernii. [The Liman of the Danube Delta in Ismail region of the Gubersky province of Bessarabia]. The Sciences Memoires of the Juriev university. 8, 1-64 (in Russian).
16. Moljavko G.I., 1938. K stratigrafii pliocenovyh otlozhenij severo-zapadnoj chasti Krymskoj ASSR. [Stratigraphy of the Pliocene sediments in nordeastern part of the Crimea ASSR]. Geological Journal, vol.5, 1/2, 222-223 (in Russian).
17. Moljavko G.I., 1948. Tamanskie otlozhenija (akchagyl’skij jarus) v Krymu. [Taman deposits (Akchagyl stage) in the Crimea]. Geol. Journal. 9, 272-275 (in Russian).
18. Moljavko G.I., 1950. Kujal’nickie otlozhenija juga USSR. [Kujalnikian deposits of the southern Ukr. SSR]. Geological Journal, vol. 10, 10, 99-103 (in Russian).
19. Moljavko G.I., 1960. Neogen pіvdnja Ukrayiny. [Neogene of the Southern Ukraine]. Edition by AN URSR, 208 p. (in Ukrainian).
20. Moljavko G.I., Selin Y.I., 1957. Novi dani pro verzn’otretynni vidklady Pryazov’ja. [New date about the late Tertiary deposits of Priazovye]. Geological Journal, vol. 17, 3, 90-91 (in Ukrainian).
21. Semenenko V.N., 1960. O kujal’nic’kih otlozhenijah Severnogo Priazov’ja. [About the Kujalnikian deposits of the Northern Azov]. Geological Journal, vol. 20, 6, 90-94 (in Russian).
22. Semenenko V.N., 1975. Pliocen Krymu. Stratygrafija URSR. [Plioceme of the Crimea. Stratigraphy Ukr. SSR]. Neogene. Kiev. Naukova Dumka, 10, 24-31 (in Ukrainian).
23. Sirenko E.A., 2017. Stratigraficheskaja korreljacija verhnego miocena i pliocena Vostochnogo Paratetisa i Tetisa. [Palynostratigraphy of continental upper Pliocene-Lower Neopleistocene deposits of southern part of the East European Platform]. Kiev, 166 p. (in Russian).
24. Sinzov I.F., 1875. Opisanie novyh i maloissledovanyh form rakovin iz tretichnyh obrazovanij Novorossii. [Description of the new and little-known forms of shells from the Tertiary sediments of Novorossia]. Memoires Novorossian Society of Naturalists. Part. 1 and 2, vol. 3, 2, 1-59 (in Russian).
25. Sinzov I.F., 1877. Opisanie novyh i maloissledovanyh form rakovin iz tretichnyh obrazovanij Novorossii. [Description of the new and little known forms of shells from the Tertiary sediments of Novorossia]. Memoires Novorossian Society of Naturalists. Part. 3, vol. 5. 1, 61-83 (in Russian).
26. Sinzov I.F., 1897. O paleontologicheski otlozhenijah novorossijskih neogenovih osadkov k plastam Avstro-Vengrii i Rumynii. [About of paleontological comparison of the Neogene Novorossian sediments to sediments of the Austrian-Hungary and Rumania]. Memoires Novorossian Society of Naturalists., vol. 21, 1, 151-185 (in Russian).
27. Tretjak A.N., Shevchenko A.I., Dudkin V.P., 1987. Paleomagnitnaja stratigrafija opornyh razrezov pozdnego kajnozoja juga Ukrainy. [Paleomagnetic stratigraphy of Pliocene-Quaternary sedimentary sequences of Ukraine]. Kiev, Preprint, 46 p. (in Russian).
28. Chepalyga A.L., 1967. Antropogenovye presnovodnye molljuski juga Russkoj ravniny i ih stratigraficheskoe znachenie. [The Fresh-water Mollusks of the Anthropogene in Southern Russian plain and their Stratigraphic significance]. Proceedings of the IGS of AS USSR, 166, 222 р. (in Russian).
29. Shevchenko A.I., 1965. Opornye kompleksy melkih mlekopitajushhih pliocena i nizhnego antropogena jugo-zapadnoj chasti Russkoj ravniny. [A reference of the small mammal complexis of the Pliocene and Lower Antropogene of the South-Western part of the Russian plain]. Stratigraphic significance of the Anthropogenic small mammals. Moscow, Science, 7-59 (in Russian).
30. Shchekina N.O., 1964. Do vyvchennja flory ta roslynnogo pokryvu pivdnja Ukrai’ny v kujal’nyc’komu vici. [Study of the Kujalnik flora and plant cover of southern Ukraine]. Ukrainian Botanical Journal, vol. 21, 3. 84-90 (in Ukrainian).
31. Ebersin A.G., 1931. Jelementy akchagyl’skoj fauny v Krymu i zapadnoj chasti Kerchenskogo poluostrova. [The elements of Akchagylian fauna in Crimea and western part of the Kerch peninsula]. Proceeding of the USSR, 3, 387-392 (in Russian).
32. Ebersin A.G., 1940. Srednij i verhnij pliocen Chernomorskogo bassejna. Stratigrafija SSSR. [The Lower and Upper Pliocene of the Black Sea basin]. In: Stratigraphy of the USSR, vol. 12, Neogene, 477-566 (in Russian).
33. Jatzko I.Ya., 1956. O kontinental’nyh verhneneogenovyh i plejstocenovyh otlozhenijah v doline r. Dnestr. [About continental Upper Neogene and Pleistocene sediment in the Dnestr valley]. Materials on the Quaternary period of Ukraine. Kiev, NaukovaDumka, 122-123 (in Russian).
2. Andrusov N.I., 1963. Sledy paljudinovyh plastov v JUzhnoj Rossii. [The findings of the Paludinen Schichten in the Southern Russia.] The Selected Papers, Edition by Academy of Sciences of USSR, Moscow, 2, 151-107 (in Russian).
3. Bogatschev V.V., 1961. Materialy k istorii presnovodnoj fauny Evrazii. [Materials to history of the freshwater Fauna of Eurasia.] Kiev, AN USSR, 341 p. (in Russian).
4. Veklich M.F., 1968. Stratigrafija lessovoj formacii Ukrainy i sosednih stran. [Stratigraphy of the Loes formation Ukraine and adjacent regions]. Kiev. Naukova Dumka, 238 p. (in Russian).
5. Veklich M.F., 1982. Paleojetapnost’ i stratotipy pochvennyh formacij verhnego kajnozoja. [The paleostages and stratotypes of soil formations of the upper Cenozoic]. Kiev, Naukova Dumka, 208 p. (in Russian).
6. Vernigorova Yu.V., 2015. Stratigrafіchna shema neogenovih vіdkladіv Krims’kogo pіvostrova. [Stratigraphic scheme of the Neogene deposits of the Crimean peninsula]. Geology and Ore Content of Ukraine, 1, 81-124 (in Ukrainian).
7. Gozhik P.F., 2006. Presnovodnye molljuski pozdnego kajnozoja juga Vostochnoj Evropy. [Fresh-water Mollusks from the late Caenizoic in the south of Eastern Europe]. Part I, Superfamilia Unionoidea. Kyiv, 247 p. (in Russian).
8. Gozhik P.F., Matoshko A.V., 2011. Nova mizhnarodna shkala neogen-chetvertynnogo chasu. [The new International Scale of the Neogene-Quaternary time (2010 year)]. Geological Journal, 3, 101-104 (In Ukrainian).
9. Gubkin I.M., 1950. Problema akchagyla v svete novyh dannyh. [Problems of the Akchagilian in the light of new data]. The Selected Papers, Edition by Academy of Sciences, 1, 246-269 (in Russian).
10. Krestovnikov V.N., 1928. K stratigrafii pliocena Tamanskogo poluostrova i prilegajushhej chasti Kubani. [Stratigraphy of the Pliocene of the Taman Peninsula and adjacent part of Kuban]. Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists Department of Geology, 2, v. 6, 171-192 (in Russian).
11. Laskarev V.D., 1912. Zametka o novyh mestonahozhdenijah iskopaemyh mlekopitajushhih v tretichnyh otlozhenijah juzhnoj Rossii. [Note about the new locality of the fossil mammals in tertiary deposits of the South of Russia]. Memoires de la sonet’e des naturalists de la Nonvelle-Russie. Odessa, 38, 39-55 (in Russian).
12. Mangilian T.A., 1929. O kujal’nickih otlozhenijah okrestnostej Odessy.[About the Kujalnikian deposits of the Odessa region]. News Ukrainian. area. geol. admin., 1929, 14, 161-192 (in Russian).
13. Michailowsky G.P., 1902. Pliocen nekotoryh mestnostej Zapadnogo Zakavkaz’ja. [The Pliocene of some territories of the Eastern Trans-caucasia]. Memoires of mineralogical Society. 40, 129-177 (in Russian).
14. Michailowsky G.P., 1905. O rezul’tatah poezdki letom 1903 g. v Suhumskij okrug. [About results of a journey came in summer 1902 in Suchumi region]. Memoires of Mineralogical Society. 42, 40-43 (in Russian).
15. Michailowsky G.P., 1909. Limany del’ty Dunaja v Izmail’skom uezde Bessarabskoj gubernii. [The Liman of the Danube Delta in Ismail region of the Gubersky province of Bessarabia]. The Sciences Memoires of the Juriev university. 8, 1-64 (in Russian).
16. Moljavko G.I., 1938. K stratigrafii pliocenovyh otlozhenij severo-zapadnoj chasti Krymskoj ASSR. [Stratigraphy of the Pliocene sediments in nordeastern part of the Crimea ASSR]. Geological Journal, vol.5, 1/2, 222-223 (in Russian).
17. Moljavko G.I., 1948. Tamanskie otlozhenija (akchagyl’skij jarus) v Krymu. [Taman deposits (Akchagyl stage) in the Crimea]. Geol. Journal. 9, 272-275 (in Russian).
18. Moljavko G.I., 1950. Kujal’nickie otlozhenija juga USSR. [Kujalnikian deposits of the southern Ukr. SSR]. Geological Journal, vol. 10, 10, 99-103 (in Russian).
19. Moljavko G.I., 1960. Neogen pіvdnja Ukrayiny. [Neogene of the Southern Ukraine]. Edition by AN URSR, 208 p. (in Ukrainian).
20. Moljavko G.I., Selin Y.I., 1957. Novi dani pro verzn’otretynni vidklady Pryazov’ja. [New date about the late Tertiary deposits of Priazovye]. Geological Journal, vol. 17, 3, 90-91 (in Ukrainian).
21. Semenenko V.N., 1960. O kujal’nic’kih otlozhenijah Severnogo Priazov’ja. [About the Kujalnikian deposits of the Northern Azov]. Geological Journal, vol. 20, 6, 90-94 (in Russian).
22. Semenenko V.N., 1975. Pliocen Krymu. Stratygrafija URSR. [Plioceme of the Crimea. Stratigraphy Ukr. SSR]. Neogene. Kiev. Naukova Dumka, 10, 24-31 (in Ukrainian).
23. Sirenko E.A., 2017. Stratigraficheskaja korreljacija verhnego miocena i pliocena Vostochnogo Paratetisa i Tetisa. [Palynostratigraphy of continental upper Pliocene-Lower Neopleistocene deposits of southern part of the East European Platform]. Kiev, 166 p. (in Russian).
24. Sinzov I.F., 1875. Opisanie novyh i maloissledovanyh form rakovin iz tretichnyh obrazovanij Novorossii. [Description of the new and little-known forms of shells from the Tertiary sediments of Novorossia]. Memoires Novorossian Society of Naturalists. Part. 1 and 2, vol. 3, 2, 1-59 (in Russian).
25. Sinzov I.F., 1877. Opisanie novyh i maloissledovanyh form rakovin iz tretichnyh obrazovanij Novorossii. [Description of the new and little known forms of shells from the Tertiary sediments of Novorossia]. Memoires Novorossian Society of Naturalists. Part. 3, vol. 5. 1, 61-83 (in Russian).
26. Sinzov I.F., 1897. O paleontologicheski otlozhenijah novorossijskih neogenovih osadkov k plastam Avstro-Vengrii i Rumynii. [About of paleontological comparison of the Neogene Novorossian sediments to sediments of the Austrian-Hungary and Rumania]. Memoires Novorossian Society of Naturalists., vol. 21, 1, 151-185 (in Russian).
27. Tretjak A.N., Shevchenko A.I., Dudkin V.P., 1987. Paleomagnitnaja stratigrafija opornyh razrezov pozdnego kajnozoja juga Ukrainy. [Paleomagnetic stratigraphy of Pliocene-Quaternary sedimentary sequences of Ukraine]. Kiev, Preprint, 46 p. (in Russian).
28. Chepalyga A.L., 1967. Antropogenovye presnovodnye molljuski juga Russkoj ravniny i ih stratigraficheskoe znachenie. [The Fresh-water Mollusks of the Anthropogene in Southern Russian plain and their Stratigraphic significance]. Proceedings of the IGS of AS USSR, 166, 222 р. (in Russian).
29. Shevchenko A.I., 1965. Opornye kompleksy melkih mlekopitajushhih pliocena i nizhnego antropogena jugo-zapadnoj chasti Russkoj ravniny. [A reference of the small mammal complexis of the Pliocene and Lower Antropogene of the South-Western part of the Russian plain]. Stratigraphic significance of the Anthropogenic small mammals. Moscow, Science, 7-59 (in Russian).
30. Shchekina N.O., 1964. Do vyvchennja flory ta roslynnogo pokryvu pivdnja Ukrai’ny v kujal’nyc’komu vici. [Study of the Kujalnik flora and plant cover of southern Ukraine]. Ukrainian Botanical Journal, vol. 21, 3. 84-90 (in Ukrainian).
31. Ebersin A.G., 1931. Jelementy akchagyl’skoj fauny v Krymu i zapadnoj chasti Kerchenskogo poluostrova. [The elements of Akchagylian fauna in Crimea and western part of the Kerch peninsula]. Proceeding of the USSR, 3, 387-392 (in Russian).
32. Ebersin A.G., 1940. Srednij i verhnij pliocen Chernomorskogo bassejna. Stratigrafija SSSR. [The Lower and Upper Pliocene of the Black Sea basin]. In: Stratigraphy of the USSR, vol. 12, Neogene, 477-566 (in Russian).
33. Jatzko I.Ya., 1956. O kontinental’nyh verhneneogenovyh i plejstocenovyh otlozhenijah v doline r. Dnestr. [About continental Upper Neogene and Pleistocene sediment in the Dnestr valley]. Materials on the Quaternary period of Ukraine. Kiev, NaukovaDumka, 122-123 (in Russian).
Published
2019-07-04
How to Cite
Gozhik, P. (2019). On the lower boundary of the Quaternary System in the Azov-Black Sea Basin. Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology, 28(2), 292-300. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15421/111929
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