Geology, Geography and Geoecology

. The results of the scientific work on the theory and methodology of the study of sacral-recreational potential are highlighted in this article. Interpretation of the concept of sacral-recreational potential of the territory as a combination of conditions and resources, as well as sacred landscapes of natural and anthropogenic origin, their components, which are aimed at ensuring the recreational demand of the population on the basis of a generalization of scientific works that relate to the study of the concepts of sacral-recreational potential, the sacral-tourist potential was formulated for the first time. The conceptual components of sacral and potential potential are resources and conditions. Sacred objects of natural and anthropogenic origin serve as resources of sacred-recreational potential and, regardless of their genesis, can function only within the limits of a specific geographical envi - ronment. Such a combination is characterized by a set of relationships and ensures the formation of a sacred landscape. The natural (geological, geomorphological, hydrogeological, hydrological, climatic), social (historical-cultural, social, economic, political), an-thropogenic-transforming (positive, negative) conditions and resources for the development of the sacral-recreational potential of the territory are identified and characterized. The article testifies that due to the russian aggression against Ukraine, a significant part of religious buildings, which are part of the sacral-recreational potential of the country, were destroyed. The essence of various types of evaluations was defined and adapted to the sacral-recreational potential. Thanks to the above, it became possible to build a structural and logical scheme of its evaluation, where the object of evaluation is the sacred landscape/sacred object, and the subject is the manager of the recreation organization or the recreant. Types of evaluations and approaches to evaluating the sacral-recreational potential of the territory are summarized.


Introduction
The spirituality of society contributes to the preservation of outstanding cultural and natural values, which are considered its heritage. In the period of intercivilizational conflict against the background of Russian aggression to independent Ukraine, the role of sacred objects of natural (spring, rock, cave) and anthropogenic (church, monastery, chapel) origin is especially valuable and significant for Ukrainian society.
The recreational attractiveness of the territory is determined by its potential, while the sacral-recreational potential is a set of conditions and resources that can satisfy the needs of recreants. Analytical studies of the sacral-recreational potential, its components and main trends that determine its further development are undoubtedly important for many business entities in the region and beyond, in particular: municipal enterprises, associations, religious organizations that conduct economic activity within sacred landscapes; investors to determine the prerequisites for running a recreational economy in the region. The issue of theoretical analysis of the sacral-recreational potential is poorly researched in modern geography. The development of theoretical and methodological tools for its study has not only scientific, but also applied significance, since such potential and its effective use will ensure the realization of the competitive advantages of the development of the territorial recreation system of the region.
The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical foundations of the study of sacral-recreational potential. To achieve this purpose, the following tasks were set: definition of the conceptual components of sacral-recreational potential; substantiation of the theoretical and methodological aspects of the evaluation of the sacral-recreational potential.
Focus attention on problematic issues such as: the concept of sacral-recreational potential is at the initial stage of its formation; the absence of an algorithm for the study of the sacral-recreational potential system the analysis of scientific works on the sacral-recreational potential allows. The relevance and urgency of solving these problems at the theoretical and methodological level determined the choice of the research topic.

Analysis of recent publications on the research topic
The concepts of sacred potential and recreational potential are equated in scientific sources sometimes. However, the recreational potential is much broader in content and often includes a sacred potential. For example, the spring of St. Anna in the village of Onyshkivtsi, which is in the Rivne region, can be considered as a component of the sacral-recreational potential of the region. Sacred (holy, valuable) is a key concept in the context of our study.
The concept of «sacred» is a worldview category that gives people, actions, territories, and other objects such a property that separates them from the profane and places them in a position of exceptional value, significance, and on this basis requires exceptional treatment (Mishchenko, 2018). Different spheres of social life can be subjected to sacralization: social, political, spiritual. Sacred landscapes (Volovik, 2013;Mishchenko, 2019), sacred-tourist potential (Kostashchuk, Hutsuliak, 2014;Bozhuk, 2010) serve as objects of scientific research in geographical literature, in recent decades.
In the etymological sense, the term «potential» originates (from the Latin potential -force) and in a broad sense means a set of all means, conditions, and opportunities that are used to achieve a certain goal. The explanatory dictionary of the Ukrainian language interprets this term as «hidden abilities, forces for any activity, which may appear beyond certain limits» (Ivchenko, 2007).
In general, potential is a system category that has a territorial attachment. N. Ignatenko, V. Rudenko (1986) summarized the approaches to defining the essence of the concept of potential: in 42% of cases, this term is used to describe a set of natural conditions and resources, opportunities, stocks, means and values; 16% -power; 8% -the ability of productive forces to achieve a certain effect; 5% -the potential of natural resources, economic development; 11% -productivity, the effect of natural resources.
The category of natural resource potential, which is interpreted as the aggregate productivity of natural conditions and resources of a system/complex that satisfies ecological, socio-economic, aesthetic, recreational, cultural needs of society, is well developed in Ukrainian geographical science (Danylyshyn et al., 1999). P. Shishenko (1999) proposed the concept of «general or territorial landscape potential» to characterize the physical state and material and energy supply of geographical landscapes, which determine their ability to perform environmental protection and socio-economic functions and satisfy public needs through various types of nature use. Within its limits, the author distinguishes a number of partial landscape potentials: land-resource, mineral-resource, moisture-thermal and water, biotic, construction, recreational, self-cleaning, biotic vegetation, aesthetic, self-regulatory and others.
The existing scientific work in the field of recreational potential is the works of O. Beidyk, Yu. Vedienin, I. Tverdokhliebov, M. Dolishnii, V. Kravtsiv, V. Kyfiak, M. Nudelman, V. Preobrazhenskyi, V. Rudenko, L. Cherchyk, O. Shablii, it is appropriate to use in the context of our research. We consider significant the work of O. Shablii (1995), who considers the recreational potential as a system of natural and social objects, their properties and relations, which can be used or are used for the purposes of recovery or restoration, replenishment, expansion or accumulation of the spiritual and physical forces of a person in free time from the main type of activity. O. Furdychko (2007) interprets the recreational potential as the degree of the system's ability to positively influence the physical, mental, and socio-psychological state of a person during recreation. L. Cherchyk, N. Kolenda (2008) characterized the strategic potential of the recreation system as a set of conditions and factors that determine the possibilities of development of the recreation system of the region, the formation and implementation of its competitive advantages and increasing competitiveness.
T. Bozhuk (2010) believes that the sacral-tourist potential of a certain territory is formed by the set of resources available there: separate buildings (Orthodox church, Catholic church, chapel, bell tower) or ensembles (a complex of buildings, a monastery, a lavra, a spiritual center), places of interest (spring or well, cave, pilgrimage route), as well as sacred relics (miraculous icons or a cross with the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, relics of saints and blessed ones, etc.), suitable for the creation of a sacral-tourist product and the realization of relevant pilgrimage (or sacral-tourist) tours or excursions. I. Kostashchuk, A. Hutsuliak (2014) point out that the sacral-tourist potential is a set of religious buildings of historical and religious significance, as well as sacred landscapes and places defined by certain denominations as «holy» in a defined territory can be used to develop religious tourism in a certain region. T. Duda (2018) studied sacred landscapes as a potential for the development of religious tourism.
Tourism is a component of recreation and is associated with travel, migration for the purpose of recreation at long or short distances from the place of permanent residence. Since «recreation» is broader than the concept of «tourism» and in its content is considered as a set of human activities related to the use of free time, aimed at restoring physical and spiritual strength, in the context of the presented study, we consider it appropriate to use the definition «sacral-recreational potential of the territory».

Materials and methods
The study of sacral-recreational potential is an integral task, which is based on an interdisciplinary approach and allows to systematize and differentiate the results of scientific developments in philosophy, history, sociology, geography (sacred geography). Each science, taking into account the subject of research, has a goal and task of scientific knowledge. The leading task of sacred geography is the study of the territorial (spatial) organization of the sacred space and its components. The theoretical nature of the research led to the use of appropriate methods: identification and generalization of the characteristics of the object under the study; formulation of the problematic and hypothetical field of research, object and subject sides of the problem, determination of the level of theoretical development of the problem.
In the context of the study of the theoretical foundations of the sacral-recreational potential, the following stages can be distinguished: preparatory, analytical and final, which are interconnected and constitute a single methodological system that ensures the achievement of the goal.
During the preparatory stage, the research object and subject was chosen, as well as the goal and task were set. The method of processing literary sources, regarding the conceptual and terminological apparatus of the research is leading at this stage. The content of the concepts: sacred, potential, recreational potential, sacred-tourist potential was summarized and defined as a result. This made it possible to formulate the definition of sacral-recreational potential.
The analytical stage of the research was carried out using a critical analysis, based on the results of which the conditions and resources of the sacral-recreational potential were determined, the essence of various types of assessments was substantiated, which made it possible to build a structural and logical scheme for the assessment of the sacral-recreational potential.
The final stage involves the substantiation of the results of scientific work and the prospects for their use in further research.

Results and discussion
Conceptual components of sacral-recreational potential. The sacral-recreational potential consists of the following content components: -the sacred potential includes landscapes, individual objects that have great value and significance and, on this basis, are characterized by an exceptional attitude on the part of the subject as a carrier of activity, consciousness and knowledge; -recreational potential is a set of natural and public objects and actions, as well as landscapes of various genesis, which is used or can be used for recreational activities for the purpose of knowledge, health, entertainment, restoration of spiritual and physical strength in the time free from the main type of activity on specialized territories.
Therefore, the sacral-recreational potential of the territory combines conditions and resources and includes sacred landscapes of natural, natural-anthropogenic, anthropogenic origin, as well as their components, which are aimed at ensuring the recreational demand of the population.
The conditions and resources for the development of sacral-recreational potential can be divided into three groups: natural, social, anthropogenically transforming (Fig. 1). In general, the resources of sacral-recreational potential include sacred objects, or their totality, sacred landscapes of natural, natural-anthropogenic, anthropogenic origin. Sacred objects, regardless of their genesis, can function only within a specific geographical environment. For example, a sacred water source is formed in combination with Quaternary deposits, topography, soils, surface and underground waters and a characteristic microclimate. Sacred objects of anthropogenic origin, in particular religious buildings (monasteries, temples, temple complexes, etc.) are built taking into account lithogenic, orogenic, climatogenic, hydrogen components (Mishchenko, 2022). Such a combination, characterized by a set of relationships, is called a landscape by geographers.
The natural conditions for the development and functioning of the sacral-recreational potential must be taken into account when studying mountain ranges, natural springs, caves, groves, individual trees that are of value to people living within a separate territory.
Characterizing the sacral-recreational potential of the Ukrainian Carpathians, it is important to focus on the geological and geomorphological features of the Pip Ivan Chornohirsky mountain, Pysany Kamin, Kostrycha Mountains, Igrets Ridge groups of rocks which were used as rock-cave pagan sanctuaries in ancient times and now. For example, Pysany Kamin is a complex of rocks formed by blocks of sandstone, from 2 m to 20 m high, containing petroglyphs, the oldest of which date back to the times of Kievan Rus. According to legend, there was a pagan temple here.
Travertine rocks of Podillia, formed from rare biochemogenic continental deposits, are now actively used for recreation and pilgrimage. They were formed on the slopes of river valleys and streams, the height of which reaches 10-15 m, and the length is 100-200 m. The most famous of such objects are located in the lower part of the Strypa basin, in the Dniester canyon, between the mouths of the Koropets and Serets, in the Nichlava basin (Ternopil region) and in the valleys of the Ushytsy, Studenytsia, and Danylivka rivers in the Khmelnytskyi region (Svynko and Volik, 2004).
In the Ternopil Region, in the Buchach district, the following sacred objects are known as a rock monastery and a temple in the village of Rukomysh was built around 1240 in a travertine rock, a rock monastery in the village of Sokilets, located on the top of the right slope of the Strypa River in the Monastirska rock, which is formed by dense travertine.
When determining the features of the potential of sacred landscapes, the markers of which are water sources, the following factors must be taken into account: -geological, since the important characteristics of rocks that affect the formation of natural springs are moisture capacity, water yield, water permeability; -geomorphological (relief, depth of the erosion cut of the ravine, river valley, stream). In addition to erosion processes, the relief affects the accumulation of water, which then seeps into the groundwater and serves as one of the sources of underground runoff; -climatic (air temperature, evaporation, humidity, precipitation, humidity coefficient); -hydrographic which happens within river valleys, a complex of conditions is formed, which affects the creation of natural springs. Among the conditions for the development of sacral-recreational potential, we highlight anthropogenic-transforming ones, that is, those that change it. We divide these factors (conditions) into two groups: positive (improve the state of the sacred landscape or its components) and negative (deteriorate the state of the sacred landscape).
The positive transformations of the sacral-recreational potential include, first of all, maintaining its organizational potential, which is determined by the ability to perform sacral-economic functions, while maintaining the stability of internal and external system relationships and interdependence of components within the limits of functional integrity. An example of positive transformations of the sacred landscape/ sacred objects is the regular ecological and sanitary care of descending non-pressurized sacred springs, which require monitoring and certain anthropogenic influence due to the possibility of silting, drying, pollution. The suitability of natural sources is directly dependent on the ecological state of landscapes, which in areas with active economic activity are subject to great anthropogenic influence. The leading landscape-transforming factors are: extraction of groundwater and surface water for economic needs, discharge of polluted industrial and municipal wastewater into rivers, intensive agricultural production. All these factors can be considered as a set of conditions that negatively affect groundwater and lead to changes in quality of water (physical, chemical, biological properties), which make this water partially or completely unsuitable for use. An indisputable negative factor is armed conflicts, as a result of which there is not only a significant deterioration of the ecological situation of the territory, but also the destruction of sacred, valuable objects.
The group of public conditions and resources is divided into: historical and cultural, social, economic, political. The historical and cultural prerequisites for the formation of the sacral-recreational potential of the territory are connected with the history of development, as a result of which canons, symbols, customs and traditions were formed within it. Historical and cultural resources can include all sacred objects (springs, caves, groves, temples, monasteries, etc.) and sacred landscapes, as they have a certain historical or cultural value.
Recreational activities are focused on the formed social needs, which are created by society and depend on the level of its development, as well as on the specific conditions of activity of social subjects (individuals, groups). Awareness of social needs becomes the motivation of activity and manifests itself in the desires, goals, and interests of society. The social prerequisites for the development of sacral-recreational potential include: ethnic and religious composition of the population, education, level of national consciousness and patriotism. The vast majority of sacred space belongs to religious objects. Religion is a set of value systems that testify to society's attitude to spirituality, which has an impact on social life.
The economic conditions of the territory in a broad sense determine the level and dynamics of its economic development. The globally accepted indicator that determines this level is the production of the gross national product per person. Other indicators of economic conditions are investment attractiveness, the economy structure of the country. In a number of foreign countries, the contribution of recreation to the gross national income makes up 15-35% (Czech Republic, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, France, Spain, Portugal), while in Ukraine this indicator is much lower. Thus, in Ukraine, the share of this type of activity in GDP was 6.8% in 2019; under the influence of pandemic restrictions, which covered the whole world, the share of income from tourism and recreation decreased by 1.6% in 2020.
Undoubtedly, the armed conflict, the full-scale war of Russia against Ukraine, which began on February 24, 2022, led to a significant decrease in the indicators of profit from recreational activities.
The political prerequisites for the development of sacral-recreational potential depend on the political situation of the region/country, which is determined by the presence or absence of military conflicts. According to the State Service of Ukraine for Ethnopolitics and Freedom of Conscience (Seven months of full-scale war: Russia caused the destruction of at least 270 buildings of religious communities of Ukraine, 2022), from February 24 to September 20, 2022, as a result of an armed attack by Russia, at least 270 religious buildings in 14 regions of Ukraine were completely destroyed or suffered destruction of various degrees. The largest number of such destructions is recorded in Donetsk (67), Luhansk (58), Kyiv (43), Kharkiv (35) oblasts.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of the assessment of sacral-recreational potential. Assessment is a complexed subjective substance that is structured according to certain natural, social, economical, political and cultural criterias. This is a category of values, which means the process of realizing the positive (or negative) significance of the phenomena and processes of nature, the role of man in society, his economic activity (Kilinska, 2007). Modeling the system for evaluating the sacral-recreational potential, taking into account the mechanisms of reproduction and protection of resources on the basis of social, economic, and ecological tasks, is relevant and urgent at the theoretical, methodical, and applical levels. A detailed analysis of the development of the studied territory in retrospective, current and forecast aspects becomes possible on the basis of the choice of rational forms and assessment methods.
Assessment of the sacral-recreational potential is a process of structuring various indicators, which consists in determining the suitability and accessibility of the landscape for the use of free time by people for the purpose of recovery, treatment, education, and the realization of religious needs. For the purpose of making management decisions regarding the territorial planning of the regional development, substantiating investment projects, as well as programs for the construction of infrastructure facilities, solving other organizational and management tasks, objective information about the availability of real and potential sacral-recreational resources -the amount and value of sacral-recreational potential. Given that the sacral-recreational resources of the region are unevenly distributed, as a rule, the assessment of such resources allows to identify the most recreationally attractive areas.
Generalized definitions of the essence of various types of assessments highlighted in scientific literature (Rudenko, 2010;Lee, 2002). The assessment of sacral recreational potential, like any recreational assessment, is a complex and debatable issue, as it consists primarily in determining the approaches and methods, as well as the levels of the assessment subject (Fig. 2).
The problematic nature of recreational assessment is caused by several factors, in particular: the lack of clearly developed methods, the level of provision of information about the quality and quantity of recreational resources, the «invisibility» of the effect of resource use, the subjectivity of assessments, the complexity of creating computer databases.
In the context of our research, the object of evaluation is sacred natural, natural-anthropogenic, anthropogenic landscapes, their components, as well as their territorial combinations, which are characterized by functional and territorial integrity, the presence of resource potential; the subject is recreation organizers and managers, recreatnts. The multi-level nature of assessment subjects determines different approaches to the assessment of sacral-recreational resources, in particular: -from the positions of the organizer and manager, a technological assessment is carried out, which determines the capacity of the territory in persons/m 2 , sanitary suitability, normative anthropogenic loads (when assessing natural sacred landscapes, the natural capacity of the territory is taken into account, considering its lithological, orographic, biological features), the presence of limiting factors, in particular ecological (high pollution), political (armed conflicts), security (belonging to a nature reserve fund, historical and cultural heritage of the local, national, international level). -from the standpoint of a recreant, or a person who «consumes» sacral-recreational resources, the historical and cultural attractiveness of the sacred territorial system, its healing properties, ability to provide religious needs, aesthetic value, etc. are evaluated. A consumer (tourist/recreationist) is a person who forms a demand for a certain sacral-recreational product. The multifaceted and diverse needs, opportunities, including financial ones, and the availability of free time encourage a person to choose a place and method of recreational activity.
In general, the following types of assessments can be distinguished: medical-biological or physiological, psychological-aesthetic, technological and economic. Medical and biological assessment reflects the influence of natural factors on the human body. A number of methods have been developed, that make it possible to evaluate a complex of climatic indicators taking into account their influence on the state of the human body. General indicators are equivalent-effective and radiation-equivalent-effective temperatures, which reflect the complex influence of temperature, wind, air humidity and solar radiation on the human condition. The healing effect of sanctified water sources on human health is known.
If it is planned to organize activities related to the use of sacred landscapes, it is necessary to conduct a psychological and aesthetic assessment of them, which considers the emotional impact of such a ter-ritorial system and its components on a person. The main criteria for such an assessment can be considered is the degree of exoticism and uniqueness of cultural-historical and natural objects, aesthetics, landscape diversity, the frequency of changing landscapes, the richness of visual perspectives.
A comprehensive indicator of the psychological and aesthetic value of the evaluation object is attractiveness (attractiveness). Therefore, the method of expert evaluations is often used today, it combines evaluation criteria that determine the degree of attractiveness. Applying this type of assessment using a mathematical apparatus makes it possible to reduce subjectivity, although it cannot be completely avoided, because researchers have different tastes.
The basis of the technological assessment is the possibility of engineering and construction development of the territory, taking into account transport communications and the base of the production infrastructure. In this type of evaluation, the subject of evaluation will be the organizer, manager of recreation. During the technological assessment, it is advisable to determine the capacity of the studied landscapes, the maximum anthropogenic load, taking into account the type of human activity.
The recreational capacity is determined by the stability of the natural or natural-anthropogenic landscape and is calculated by the sum of permissible recreational loads that cannot lead to irreversible changes within its boundaries (Mishchenko, 2010). the following methods of economic evaluation of recreational resources are the most developed today: -expendable that provides an estimate of costs for resource development; -rental that is according to the results of their exploitation.
Economic evaluation allows to determine the consumer value of sacral-recreational resources. The economic parameters of such products are related to the type of resource, its quality, location relative to areas of demand, technology of use, ecological characteristics of the environment.
Evaluation of sacral-recreational resources can be carried out qualitatively, quantitatively, in terms of value and using points.
The words «most attractive», «average attractive», «unattractive», etc. are used for qualitative assessment. Such assessment is usually carried out by vacationers traveling by comparing the quality, value, and concentration of sacral-recreational resources within individual territories and is characterized by a subjective nature.
Quantitative assessment consists in determining the value of sacral-recreational resources using point and integral scales. Scales reflect the evaluative relationship between the subject and the object. Each level is an indicator of the intensity of interaction of a property of a specific object with the state of the subject. When scoring, as a rule, scales of 3-7 degrees are used, where the most valuable territory is evaluated with the highest score. Integral evaluation makes it possible to combine in one indicator many factors (indicators) that differ in name, measurement units, weight and other characteristics.
Valuable assessment of sacral-recreational resources can be used to determine their investment attractiveness.
The process of evaluating the sacral-recreational potential consists of the following stages: -definition of the object, subject of assessment, as well as types of activities within the studied territories, since each activity must be provided with certain resources; -separation of the main indicators that are taken into account in the evaluation; -development/selection of rating scales for determining the value of the resource; -obtaining point/integral grades; -development of measures for optimal use of the sacral-recreational potential of the territory. The process of evaluating the sacral-recreational potential can be carried out using the following approaches: cadastral, geo-ecological, geo-informational, marketing, cluster.
-cadastral consists in the formation of an ordered and structured information system containing a description, information about the legal status, spatial location of sacral-recreational resources. An example of a cadastral assessment is the creation of passports of tourist facilities, where the «1-TR» form is used, which is recommended by the State Agency for Tourism Development of Ukraine. The tourist passport form contains of three sections consisting of 14 items.
-geoecological is a study of the ecological state of landscapes depending on the possibility of their performance of various socio-economic functions, based on the results of which optimization of the structural and functional organization of the territory is carried out; -geoinformational consists in the formation of an ordered and structured information system containing a description, information about the legal status, spatial location of sacral-recreational resources; -marketing aimed at the study of public demand and needs in order to implement a sacral-recreational product by various enterprises, institutions, organizations. -cluster consists in distinguishing territories, mainly clusters, which are characterized by the systematic location of sacral-recreational resources, which serve as a center around which a certain infrastructural support is formed. The main property of such resources is the synergistic effect of obtaining which determines the purpose of the activity of this territorial system. Examples of such clusters are the Vatican, the city of Jerusalem (religious tourism cluster). The formation of clusters determines the implementation of the regional strategy for the development of tourism and related spheres of activity within the framework of the general concept of socio-economic development of the relevant territory; -sociological surveys, the results of which are an important basis for building forecasts and recommendations regarding the policy of promoting a sacral-recreational product in a specific consumer market, as well as substantiating the necessary limiting mechanisms for the use of such a product. In order to solve organizational, economic, eco-logical and management tasks of the use of sacral-recreational potential, it is advisable to use a comprehensive approach to the assessment of the entire set of components of such potential (natural, natural-anthropogenic, anthropogenic).

Conclusion
The analysis of scientific works on the content of the concepts potential, recreational potential, sacral-tourist potential made it possible to formulate a definition of the sacral-recreational potential of the territory, which combines conditions and resources and includes sacred landscapes of natural, natural-anthropogenic, anthropogenic origin, as well as their components, which are aimed at ensuring the recreational demand of the population.
The conditions and resources of the sacral-recreational potential can be divided into the following groups: natural (geological, geomorphological, hydrogeological, hydrological, climatic), social (historical-cultural, social, economic, political), anthro-pogenically changing (positive, negative). A special place in the context of positive transformations of the sacral-recreational potential is given to the support of its organizational potential, which is determined by the ability to perform sacral-economic functions, while maintaining the stability of internal and external system relationships and interdependence of components within the limits of functional integrity.
The structural and logical scheme of the assessment of the sacral-recreational potential provides for the differentiation of its assessment from the standpoint of the subject (recreation manager, recreant), as well as the object of assessment (sacred landscape/ sacred object).
The study of conceptual components, methodology and issues of complex assessment of the sacred and recreational potential of the territory expands the appropriate interpretation of social and anthropogenic landscapes, their classification and conditions of use, and makes it possible to formulate an assessment methodology.